POLITENESS PRINCIPLE OF ASSERTIVE ACT IN DEBATE BETWEEN DONALD TRUMP AND JOE BIDEN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22460/eltin.v9i2.p130-146Abstrak
In presidential elections, debates are often held between presidential candidates to find out the arguments, vision and mission, as well as policies that will be carried out by presidential candidates in their country. In expressing statements in their debates, speakers often do not realize the important aspects of language that affect the image of presidential candidates in public, namely the aspect of politeness. In language, the politeness aspect is studied in pragmatic studies which study the speaker's speech intention which depends on the context. This research used descriptive qualitative method which emphasizes the description of the data. In this study, each data was analyzed by the politeness maxims contained in the speech, as well as the assertive function contained in the politeness speech. There are five politeness maxims and there are speeches that violate the politeness maxims contained in the speeches of presidential candidate debates, and there are five speech functions of speeches that contain politeness and violate politeness maxims. Each politeness utterances and violates politeness has a different assertive function.Keywords: Politeness Principle, Assertive Act, Politeness Maxim, Presidential DebateReferensi
Andriyanto, H. (2020, September 30). Kenapa Mahkamah Agung AS Bisa Sangat Politis? [News]. Berita Satu. https://www.beritasatu.com/dunia/682013/kenapa-mahkamah-agung-as-bisa-sangat-politis
Austin, J. L. (1962). How To Do Things With Words. Oxford University Press.
Basra, S., & Thoyyibah, L. (2017). A Speech Act Analysis of Teacher Talk in an EFL
Classroom. International Journal of Education, 10(1), 73-81.
Bryman, A. (1994). Analyzing Qualitative Data. Routledge.
Cresswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Sage.
Hornby, A. S. (2016). Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary. Oxford University Press.
Kaplan, T., & Shear, M. D. (2020). Biden and Trump will debate six main issues. Here’s where they stand (The New York Times). https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/29/us/politics/biden-on-the-issues-trump-on-the-issues-debate.html
Leech, G. N. (1983). Principles of Pragmatics. Longman Linguistics Library.
Lestari, D. and Firdaus, D. (2021). Flouting Maxim of Quantity in the Characters’ Dialogues In “Detective Pikachu†Movie. CALL, 3(1), 93-104 https://doi.org/:10.15575/call.v3i1.12838
Levinson, S. C. (1983). Pragmatics.
Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative Research: A Guide to Design and Implementation. Jossey-Bass.
Nurhantoro, T. S., Hapsari, A., & Rozak, F. (2020). Kajian Pragmatik Debat pemilihan Presiden Amerika Serikat Putaran Pertama Tahun 2016. 117.
Searle, J. R. (1979). Expression and Meaning: Studies in the Theory of Speech Act. Cambridge University Press.
Sulistyo, E. T. (2013). Pragmatics: Suatu Kajian Awal. UNS (Sebelas Maret University).
USA Today Staff. (2020, September 30). Read the full transcript from the first presidential debate between Joe Biden and Donald Trump. https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2020/09/30/presidential-debate-read-full-transcript-first-debate/3587462001/
Widyaningsih, M., & Hastuti, E. (2020). Maxims of Politeness on Alice in Wonderland
Movie (Pragmatic Analysis). Journal of Language and Literature, 6(2), 64-71.
Wikandaru, R., & Cahyo, B. (2016). Landasan Ontologis Sosialisme. Jurnal
Filsafat, 26(1), 112-135.
Yule, G. (1996). Pragmatics. Oxford University Press.
