Screening Plagiarism

Papers submitted to PrimaryEdu: Journal of Primary Education will be screened for plagiarism using iThenticate plagiarism detection tools. PrimaryEdu: Journal of Primary Education will immediately reject papers leading to plagiarism or self-plagiarism.

Before submitting articles to reviewers, submitted papers are first checked for similarity/plagiarism by a member of the editorial team. The papers submitted to PrimaryEdu: Journal of Primary Education must have a similarity level of less than 20%.

Plagiarism is the exposing of another person’s thoughts or words as though they were your own, without permission, credit, or acknowledgment, or due to failing to cite the sources properly. Plagiarism can take diverse forms, from literal copying to paraphrasing the work of another. In order to properly judge whether an author has plagiarized, we emphasize the following possible situations:

1. Literal Copying
   An author can literally copy another author’s work—by copying word by word, in whole or in part, without permission, acknowledgment, or citing the original source. This practice can be identified through comparing the original source and the manuscript/work suspected of plagiarism.

2. Substantial Copying
   Substantial copying implies that an author reproduces a substantial part of another author's work without permission, acknowledgment, or citation. The term "substantial" can be understood in terms of both quantity and quality, often used in the context of intellectual property. Quality refers to the relative importance of the copied text in proportion to the work as a whole.

3. Paraphrasing
   Paraphrasing involves taking ideas, words, or phrases from a source and crafting them into new sentences within the writing. This practice becomes unethical when the author does not properly cite or acknowledge the original work/author. This form of plagiarism is more difficult to identify.