Authorship Criteria

PrimaryEdu: Journal of Primary Education follows the authorship recommendations of the ICMJE and COPE and records each author's contribution using the CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy).

Who qualifies as an author

Every person listed as an author must meet all four criteria:

  1. Substantial contribution to the conception or design of the study, or to the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data;
  2. Drafting the manuscript or revising it critically for important intellectual content;
  3. Approval of the final version to be published; and
  4. Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work, including its accuracy and integrity.

Contributors who do not meet all four criteria (for example, providing funding, general supervision, data collection assistance, or language editing only) are listed in the Acknowledgments section.

Author contribution statement (CRediT)

Manuscripts must include an Author Contributions statement before the References, using the CRediT roles: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, and Writing – review & editing.

Example: Author A: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – original draft. Author B: Formal analysis, Validation, Writing – review & editing.

Corresponding author

The corresponding author handles communication with the journal, ensures that all co-authors have approved the manuscript and the author order before submission, and keeps co-authors informed throughout review and production.

Changes in authorship

Any addition, removal, or reordering of authors after submission requires a written request to the Editor-in-Chief stating the reason, signed by all authors (including any author being removed). No changes are accepted after the article is published, except through a formal correction.

Prohibited practices

  • Guest, gift, or honorary authorship, and ghost authorship.
  • Listing generative AI tools as authors (see Generative AI Policy).

Authorship disputes are handled according to COPE guidance as described in the Research Misconduct Policy.