Conflict of Interest

A conflict of interest exists when financial, professional, or personal relationships could inappropriately influence the work or its evaluation. PrimaryEdu: Journal of Primary Education requires disclosure from everyone involved in the publication process.

Authors

• Every manuscript must include a Declaration of Competing Interest before the References. If there are none, state: “The authors declare no competing interests.”
• Disclose all funding sources (including grant numbers) and the role of the funder in the study design, data collection, analysis, and decision to publish.
• Disclose employment, consultancy, or commercial interest in any product, program, or learning material evaluated in the study.

Reviewers

Reviewers must decline an invitation, or inform the editor immediately, if they:

• work at the same institution as any author;
• have co-authored with any author in the last 3 years;
• have a family, supervisory, or close personal relationship with any author; or
• have a financial interest or competing research related to the manuscript.

Editors

• Editors do not handle manuscripts where any of the conditions above apply; another editor is assigned.
• Manuscripts submitted by the Editor-in-Chief or editorial board members are handled by an independent editor, and the submitting editor has no access to the review process.
• Editorial decisions are independent of the publisher and of any commercial considerations.

Undisclosed conflicts discovered later are handled under the Research Misconduct Policy.