OUT-OF-CLASS ENGLISH EXPOSURE AND RECEPTIVE VOCABULARY KNOWLEDGE AMONG RURAL EFL LEARNERS IN INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22460/eltin.v14i2.p383-396Keywords:
Out-of-class English Exposure, receptive vocabulary knowledge, rural EFL contextAbstract
This study examines the relationship between out-of-class English exposure and receptive vocabulary knowledge among rural junior high school students in Indonesia. Using a correlational research design, data were gathered from 102 students through a questionnaire and a Picture Vocabulary Size Test (PVST). Descriptive statistics identified the types and frequency of exposure, while Pearson’s product-moment correlation examined its relationship with vocabulary knowledge. The analysis showed a weak and non-significant relationship between out-of-class exposure and receptive vocabulary knowledge (r = .16, p > .05), indicating limited shared variance between the variables. Students engaged in moderate levels of out-of-class exposure, predominantly through digitally mediated activities such as social media, music, and internet content, yet most demonstrated high scores on the receptive vocabulary test. This weak relationship suggests that exposure frequency alone may not sufficiently explain vocabulary development in rural EFL contexts.
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